COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL ETHICAL CODES IN THE FIELD OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PRINCIPLES, DIFFERENCES, AND LEGAL IMPLEMENTATION PROSPECTS

The article presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of international ethical codes regulating the development and use of artificial intelligence technologies. The study covers documents developed by governmental bodies, human rights organizations, academic institutions, and private corporations. Based on typological classification, three groups of codes are identified: socio-humanitarian, technical and legal, and corporate initiatives. Special attention is given to core ethical principles such as transparency, fairness, accountability, and inclusiveness, as well as the differences in implementation mechanisms. The analysis considers both positive aspects such as the formation of universal guidelines and increasing public trust in artificial intelligence and problematic ones, including declarative language, lack of enforcement mechanisms, and limited applicability. In conclusion, the paper proposes directions for improving artificial intelligence ethical standards, including legal integration of the norms, international coordination, institutional oversight, embedding ethics into the development lifecycle and enhancing the participation of civil society. The study emphasizes the urgent need to move from “ethics on paper” to practical tools for accountability and legal protection in the digital age.

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