STATE MECHANISM OF REGULATING THE DIGITAL SPACE

This article is devoted to the legal understanding of the role of the state in the context of contemporary digital transformation. Particular attention is paid to institutional and regulatory mechanisms through which the state exercises its regulatory functions and participates in the operation of the digital environment. The article analyses relevant initiatives, including the draft Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Artificial Intelligence” (2025), as well as selected foreign approaches implemented within the European Union and the United States. Special focus is given to the legal status of the state in the digital space and the challenges of ensuring the protection of individual digital rights.

Two main approaches to the implementation of the digital transformation of the public administration system are analyzed, “the pros” and “cons” of the approaches under consideration are identified.

The main issues that should be focused on by civil society and government agencies have been identified. These include: the likelihood of algorithmic bias that will lead to AI making wrong decisions; digital inequality among various segments of the population of Kazakhstan; vulnerability of government digital systems in cases of cyber attacks on government information resources; fragmentation of digital solutions.

Also a serious problem is the lack of an appropriate regulatory framework to protect the digital rights of individuals, ensure responsible behavior in the digital environment, and regulate the mechanisms of state and public control over the functioning and development of artificial intelligence systems. The authors of the article propose ways to solve the above-mentioned problems of regulating the digital space.

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