MODERN LEGAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO DEBT FRAUD-PROOF APPROACHES

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of fraud disguised as civil-law obligations in the lending of funds, which remains one of the most prevalent and socially significant challenges for Kazakhstan’s legal system. The study draws on national legislation, judicial and investigative practice, statistical indicators and international experience.

It identifies key gaps that enable unscrupulous borrowers to evade criminal liability, undermining public trust in lending relations and complicating the protection of victims’ rights.

The authors propose a set of measures including mandatory documentation of loans, differentiated repayment periods depending on the scale of damage, and stricter liability for non-repayment.

Particular emphasis is placed on the need for targeted amendments to Article 190 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the active introduction of digital technologies to create reliable evidence and enhance transparency of financial transactions.

The proposed approach seeks to prevent abuse and strengthen confidence in lawful debt relations.

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