THE USE OF OPEN DATA SOURCES (OSINT) IN CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL EVIDENCE

The effectiveness of a preliminary investigation depends on the quality of information collection at its initial stage, especially when solving crimes “in hot pursuit”. The article analyzes the legal basis for the use of open data (OSINT) in the criminal process of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article considers the legislative norms governing the use of information from open sources as evidence, as well as the interpretation of the concept of “computer information” in various regulations and international agreements. Special attention is paid to the implementation of OSINT in the activities of Kazakhstani law enforcement agencies, its potential and legal gaps. The international experience of the USA and the EU is presented, including the analysis of digital footprints, monitoring of social networks, tracking of financial transactions and blockchain data. The author concludes that it is necessary to improve legal regulation and expand the capabilities of law enforcement agencies in using OSINT.

1. Pirogov, V.E. Nepravomernyj dostup k komp'juternoj informacii: teoreticheskie problemy tolkovanija ponjatija komp'juternoj informacii / V.E. Pirogov // Trendy razvitija sovremennogo obshhestva: upravlencheskie, pravovye, jekonomicheskie i social'nye aspekty: sb. nauch. st. 14-j Vseros. nauch.prakt. konf. – Kursk, 2024. – S. 537-539.

2. Min'kashev, Je.G. Ponjatie informacii i komp'juternoj informacii: pravovye aspekty / Je.G. Min'kashev // Molodoj uchenyj. – 2021. – № 50 (392). – S. 283-287.

3. Rossinskaja, E.R. Sudebnaja komp'juterno-tehnicheskaja jekspertiza / E.R. Rossinskaja, A.I. Usov. – M.: Pravo i zakon, 2001. – 414 s.

4. Paulson, T.M. Intelligence Issues & Developm / T.M. Paulson. – Nova Publishers, 2008. – 177 p.

5. Rid, T. War 2.0: Irregular Warfare in the Information Age / T. Rid, M. Hecker. – Praeger, 2009. – 278 p.

6. Erkenov, B.D. Jeffektivnost' primenenija instrumentov OSINT pri protivodejstvii prestupnoj legalizacii (otmyvaniju) / B.D. Erkenov, S.A. Sejlhanova // Құқyқ қorғau organdary akademijasynyң Zharshysy. – 2024. – № 2 (32). – S. 175-183.

7. Darmenova, A.S. Otkrytye dannye: dvadcatipjatiletnjaja istorija razvitija / A.S. Darmenova, Zh.D. Mamykova, K.N. Andersen // Vestnik NGUJeU. – 2020. – № 2. – S. 183-197.

8. Panjukova, S.A. Rol' otkrytyh dannyh v razvitii zhurnalistiki dannyh/s.A. Panjukova // Znak: problemnoe pole mediaobrazovanija. – 2015. – № 1 (15). – S. 25-33.

9. Bazzell, M. Open Source Intelligence Techniques: Resources for Searching and Analyzing Online Information. – 9th ed. / M. Bazzell. – Independently Published, 2021. – 666 p.

10. Lowenthal, M.M. Intelligence: From Secrets to Policy. – 7th ed. / M.M. Lowenthal. – CQ Press, 2017. – 593 p.

11. Sukmanov, A.O. Ponjatie i sushhnost' operativno-rozysknogo monitoringa otkrytyh istochnikov informacii / A.O. Sukmanov // Vestnik Kaliningradskogo juridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii. – 2011. – № 1 (23). – S. 17-19.

12. Sarychev, M.M. Ispol'zovanie otkrytyh istochnikov v rakah ORD / M.M. Sarychev // Nauchnye issledovanija XXI veka. – 2024. – № 2 (28). – S. 151-154.

13. Osipenko, A.L. Operativno-rozysknoj monitoring informacionnyh resursov global'nyh komp'juternyh setej / A.L. Osipenko // Operativnik (syshhik). – 2009. – № 3 (20). – S. 28-32.

14. Ovchinskij, A.S. Operativno-rozysknaja informacija v iniciativnyh analiticheskih issledovanijah / A.S. Ovchinskij, K.K. Borzunov // Vestnik jekonomicheskoj bezopasnosti. – 2016. – № 2. – S. 180-183.