PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING GUARANTEES OF PROTECTION OF SUSPECTS AND PREVENTING TORTURE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

The article examines the systemic factors contributing to the use of torture and other forms of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment in the activities of law enforcement agencies in the Republic of Kazakhstan. It analyzes national legislation, law enforcement practices, and international standards, including the 1984 United Nations Convention against Torture and its Optional Protocol. Special attention is given to the impact of the system of planned crime detection rates, the dependence of investigations on confessions, the conditions of detention, and the insufficient implementation of procedural guarantees for suspects. The study examines foreign approaches (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and the United States) aimed at ensuring transparency, independence of investigations, and judicial control. The study formulates proposals for improving legislation, strengthening criminal liability for torture, expanding the powers of prosecutorial oversight, and strengthening institutional guarantees for the protection of human rights.

1. Jensen, S. Human Rights Protection and Torture /s. Jensen, T. Kelly // British Academy Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences. – 2022. – Vol. 10 (S3). – Pp. 5-25.

2. Mickaja, E.V. O novoj redakcii stat'i 146 UK RK i ee sootvetstvii Konvencii protiv pytok / E.V. Mickaja, A.M. Kosmambetova, R.A. Al'shurazova // Vestnik Instituta zakonodatel'stva i pravovoj informacii RK. – 2024. – № 2. – S. 45-58.

3. Turlaev, A.V. Human rights to protection from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment / A.V. Turlaev, N.S. Akhmetova // Vestnik Karagandinskogo universiteta im. E.A. Buketova. Serija: Pravo. – 2025. – № 30, 3 (119). – S. 59-68.