CONDITIONS OF DETENTION AND LEGAL MECHANISMS AGAINST TORTURE: KAZAKHSTAN AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

This article examines conditions of detention as an integral element of ensuring human rights, emphasizing the need for them to comply with international legal standards. The work presents a comprehensive analysis of violations in the penitentiary system of Kazakhstan, including the use of torture, cruel or degrading treatment, and identifies shortcomings in legal mechanisms for protection and the level of responsibility for unlawful actions. The following are proposed as specific measures to prevent torture: mandatory participation of a lawyer at the early stages of pre-trial proceedings, audio and video recording of interrogations, increased responsibility for torture and expansion of procedural guarantees.
The authors of the study emphasize the importance of improving legal norms, noting the need to create an independent monitoring institution and implement effective legal protection mechanisms. These measures play an important role in preventing violations and protecting the rights of detainees.

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