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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestnikacademy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник академии правоохранительных органов </journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Law Enforcement Academy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2518-7252</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3079-4609</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Академия правоохранительных органов при Генеральной прокуратуре Республики Казахстан</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52425/25187252_2026_41_95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestnikacademy-342</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>УГОЛОВНОЕ ПРАВО И КРИМИНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CRIMINAL LAW AND CRIMINOLOGY, PENAL LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОЕ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ПИРАТСТВУ НА КАСПИЙСКОМ МОРЕ В РОССИИ, КАЗАХСТАНЕ И АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CRIMINAL LAW COUNTERACTION TO PIRACY IN THE CASPIAN SEA IN RUSSIA, KAZAHSTAN AND AZERBAIJAN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-4676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахманова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmanova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахманова Екатерина Николаевна – заведующая кафедрой уголовного права, доктор юридических наук, доцент</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmanova Ekaterina Nikolaevna – Head of the Department of Criminal Law, Doctor of Law Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekaterina.rachmanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный филиал Российского государственного университета правосудия имени В.М. Лебедева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western branch of the Lebedev Russian State University of Justice</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3 (41)</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахманова Е.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахманова Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmanova E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnikacademy.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/342">https://vestnikacademy.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/342</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проводится сравнительный анализ уголовного законодательства Российской Федерации, Республики Казахстан и Азербайджанской Республики, устанавливающего ответственность за пиратство (ст. 227 УК РФ, 271 УК РК) и морской разбой (ст. 219.1.3 УК АР). Исследуются содержание и структура составов пиратства/морского разбоя в указанных странах, особенности их пространственного действия и соотношение с международно-правовым понятием пиратства, а также санкции за совершение данных деяний. Особое внимание уделяется правовым проблемам, возникающим вследствие специфики правового режима Каспийского моря как замкнутого водного объекта, и особенностям квалификации нападений на суда в данном регионе. На основе проведенного анализа формулируются предложения по гармонизации национальных уголовно-правовых норм и развитию многостороннего сотрудничества прикаспийских государств в борьбе с пиратством.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This author offers a comparative analysis of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the Republic of Azerbaijan, establishing liability for piracy (Article 227 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, Article 271 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan) and robbery at sea (Article 219.1.3 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan). It examines the content and structure of piracy/robbery offenses in these countries, the specifics of their spatial application and their relationship with the international legal concept of piracy, as well as the sanctions for committing these acts. Particular attention is paid to the legal issues arising from the specific legal regime of the Caspian Sea as an enclosed body of water, and the specifics of classifying attacks on vessels in this region. Based on this analysis, proposals are formulated for the harmonization of national criminal law norms and the development of multilateral cooperation among the Caspian states in the fight against piracy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Каспийское море</kwd><kwd>пиратство</kwd><kwd>уголовный кодекс</kwd><kwd>морское право</kwd><kwd>морской разбой</kwd><kwd>уголовная ответственность</kwd><kwd>ЮНКЛОС</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Caspian Sea</kwd><kwd>piracy</kwd><kwd>criminal code</kwd><kwd>maritime law</kwd><kwd>sea robbery</kwd><kwd>criminal liability</kwd><kwd>UNCLOS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jin, J. Techera, E. 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