vestnikacademyВестник академии правоохранительных органов Bulletin of the Law Enforcement Academy2518-72523079-4609Академия правоохранительных органов при Генеральной прокуратуре Республики Казахстан10.52425/25187252_2024_33_127vestnikacademy-191Research ArticleМЕЖДУНАРОДНОЕ ПУБЛИЧНОЕ И ЧАСТНОЕ ПРАВОINTERNATIONAL LAW AND COMPARATIVE LAWСЕКСУАЛЬНОЕ НАСИЛИЕ ВО ВРЕМЯ ВООРУЖЕННЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ КАК ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЕ ПРОТИВ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВА И ГЕНОЦИДSEXUAL VIOLENCE DURING ARMED CONFLICTS AS A CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY AND GENOCIDEАралбаеваА. А.AralbayevaA. A.

Аралбаева Айгерим Адиловна – ассистент-профессор школы права и государственного управления, кандидат юридических наук

Алматы

Aralbayeva Aigerim Adilovna – Assistant Professor at the School of Law and Public Administration, Candidate of Law

Almaty

sen.fil@mail.ruБишмановК. М.BishmanovК. М.

Бишманов Какимжан Муратжанович – профессор кафедры религиоведения и культурологии, кандидат юридических наук

Алматы

Bishmanov Kakimzhan Muratzhanovich – Рrofessor of the Department of Religious Studies and Cultural Studies, Candidate of Law

Almaty

bkm58@mail.ruУниверситет НархозКазахстанNarkhoz UniversityKazakhstanКазахский национальный университет имени Аль-ФарабиКазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstan20240705202603(33)127136Copyright © Аралбаева А.А., Бишманов К.М., 20262026Аралбаева А.А., Бишманов К.М.Aralbayeva A.A., Bishmanov К.М.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnikacademy.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/191

В статье анализируются итоги деятельности международных уголовных трибуналов по бывшей Югославии (МТБЮ) 1993 года и по Руанде (МТР) 1994 года за преступления, связанные с сексуальным насилием со всеми из него вытекающими преступными последствиями. Впервые в истории международного правосудия, изнасилование было признано преступлением против человечества в работе трибунала по бывшей Югославии. Расследование руандийского террора по причине массовости изнасилований женщин и девочек племен тутси, совершенных по заранее подготовленному плану правящих кругов государства, позволило заявить трибуналу о том, что это были геноцидальные изнасилования. Согласно результатам исследований, масштабы преступлений подтверждали тот факт, что изнасилования в Руанде стали оружием для уничтожения групп людей по национальным признакам, что и стало причиной для обвинения военных преступников в осуществлении запланированного геноцида.

The article analyzes the crimes related to sexual violence and their results by the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia of 1993 and Rwanda of 1994. For the first time in the history of international justice, rape was recognized as a crime against humanity in the work of the tribunal of the former Yugoslavia. This allowed the tribunal, during the investigation of the terrorist attack in Rwanda, to claim that it was a genocidal rape due to the mass rape of women and girls by the Tutsi tribes. The most serious crimes were committed according to a plan prepared in advance by the highest authorities of the state. According to the results of the study, the scale of crimes confirmed that rape in Rwanda was a weapon to destroy groups of people on national grounds. The results of the study led to the fact that war criminals were accused of carrying out the planned genocide.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.